DVT
What is DVT
DVT stands for Deep Vein Thrombosis. It is a condition in which a blood clot forms in a vein deep inside the body, most commonly in the leg. This can obstruct the flow of blood in the affected vein and can be a serious and potentially life-threatening condition if the clot breaks free and travels to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism. DVT can occur in people of all ages, but it is more common in people over 60 years of age, people who are overweight or obese, and those who have a personal or family history of blood clots.
Symptoms of DVT
The symptoms of DVT can vary depending on the location and size of the blood clot. Some people with DVT may have no symptoms at all, while others may experience the following:
​
-
Swelling: The affected leg may become swollen, red, and warm to the touch.
-
Pain: The leg may feel painful or tender to the touch, especially when standing or walking.
-
Skin changes: The skin over the affected area may feel tight, shiny, or discolored.
-
Warmth: The affected area may feel warm to the touch.
-
Enlarged veins: The veins in the affected leg may appear larger than normal or more prominent.
-
Difficulty walking: Some people with DVT may have difficulty walking or may limp due to the pain.
​
It is important to note that some people with DVT may not experience any symptoms at all, which is why it is important to seek medical attention if there is a risk of DVT or if you have any concerns about your health.
Causes of DVT
The exact cause of DVT is not always clear, but there are several factors that can increase the risk of developing a blood clot. These include:
​
-
Immobility: Being immobile for long periods of time, such as during a long flight or car ride, can increase the risk of DVT.
-
Surgery: Some surgeries, especially those involving the pelvis or lower extremities, can increase the risk of DVT.
-
Injury: Trauma to the lower extremities can cause damage to blood vessels and increase the risk of blood clots.
-
Cancer: Certain types of cancer and their treatments can increase the risk of DVT.
-
Hormonal factors: Taking birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy, being pregnant, or recently giving birth can increase the risk of DVT.
-
Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of DVT.
-
Genetics: Some people may have an inherited condition that increases their risk of blood clots.
​
It's important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not mean a person will develop DVT, but it is important to be aware of these risk factors and take steps to reduce the risk, especially if there is a history of blood clots in the family.
Treatment
The treatment for DVT typically involves the use of blood-thinning medications to prevent the clot from getting larger and to prevent new clots from forming. These medications may be given by injection or taken orally, and the duration of treatment will depend on the severity of the clot and the individual's overall health.
​
In some cases, medical procedures may be necessary to remove the clot or to prevent it from breaking off and traveling to the lungs. These procedures may include:
​
-
Thrombectomy: This is a surgical procedure in which a catheter is inserted into the vein and used to remove the clot.
-
Vena cava filter: This is a small device that is inserted into the vein to prevent clots from traveling to the lungs.
-
Balloon angioplasty: This is a procedure in which a balloon is inflated inside the vein to widen it and improve blood flow.
​
In addition to medical treatment, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding long periods of sitting or standing can also help reduce the risk of DVT. It's important to follow the treatment plan prescribed by a healthcare provider and to seek immediate medical attention if there are any signs or symptoms of a blood clot.